HTTP Basics & the requests Library

# HTTP Methods:
# GET    → Retrieve data
# POST   → Send/create data
# PUT    → Update data
# DELETE → Remove data

# Status codes:
# 200 → OK
# 201 → Created
# 400 → Bad Request
# 401 → Unauthorized
# 404 → Not Found
# 500 → Server Error

# Using requests library:
# import requests
# response = requests.get("https://api.example.com/users")
# print(response.status_code)  # 200
# print(response.json())       # parsed JSON

# Demo: simulating HTTP concepts
class HTTPResponse:
    def __init__(self, status_code, data):
        self.status_code = status_code
        self.data = data
    def json(self):
        return self.data

def simulate_request(method, url):
    print(f"  {method} {url}")
    responses = {
        "/users": HTTPResponse(200, [{"id": 1, "name": "Alice"}]),
        "/posts": HTTPResponse(200, [{"id": 1, "title": "Hello"}]),
        "/404": HTTPResponse(404, {"error": "Not found"}),
    }
    path = "/" + url.split("/")[-1]
    resp = responses.get(path, HTTPResponse(404, {"error": "Not found"}))
    print(f"  Status: {resp.status_code}")
    print(f"  Data: {resp.json()}")
    return resp

# Simulated API calls
print("=== HTTP Requests Demo ===")
simulate_request("GET", "https://api.example.com/users")
print()
simulate_request("GET", "https://api.example.com/posts")
print()
simulate_request("GET", "https://api.example.com/404")