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Advanced C# & .NET Core Features

Master advanced C# features and .NET Core specific programming patterns.

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Select Topics Overview

Modern C# Features (C# 8-12)

Explore the latest C# features that make .NET Core development more efficient and expressive

Content by: Vaibhav Nakrani

.Net Developer

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C# 8.0 Features

Code Example

// Nullable reference types
string? nullableString = null;
string nonNullableString = "Hello";

// Pattern matching enhancements
public static string GetDisplayText(object obj) => obj switch
{
    string s when s.Length > 10 => s.Substring(0, 10) + "...",
    string s => s,
    int i => i.ToString(),
    DateTime dt => dt.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd"),
    _ => "Unknown"
};

// Using declarations
public void ProcessFile(string path)
{
    using var file = File.OpenRead(path);
    // File is automatically disposed at end of scope
}

// Static local functions
public void Calculate()
{
    static int Add(int a, int b) => a + b;
    var result = Add(5, 3);
}

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// Nullable reference types
string? nullableString = null;
string nonNullableString = "Hello";

// Pattern matching enhancements
public static string GetDisplayText(object obj) => obj switch
{
    string s when s.Length > 10 => s.Substring(0, 10) + "...",
    string s => s,
    int i => i.ToString(),
    DateTime dt => dt.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd"),
    _ => "Unknown"
};

// Using declarations
public void ProcessFile(string path)
{
    using var file = File.OpenRead(path);
    // File is automatically disposed at end of scope
}

// Static local functions
public void Calculate()
{
    static int Add(int a, int b) => a + b;
    var result = Add(5, 3);
}

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C# 9.0 Features

Code Example

// Records
public record Person(string FirstName, string LastName, int Age);

// Init-only properties
public class Product
{
    public string Name { get; init; }
    public decimal Price { get; init; }
}

// Pattern matching improvements
public static bool IsValidEmail(string email) => email is not null and not "" and contains "@";

// Target-typed new expressions
List<string> names = new() { "Alice", "Bob", "Charlie" };
Dictionary<string, int> ages = new() { ["Alice"] = 30, ["Bob"] = 25 };

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// Records
public record Person(string FirstName, string LastName, int Age);

// Init-only properties
public class Product
{
    public string Name { get; init; }
    public decimal Price { get; init; }
}

// Pattern matching improvements
public static bool IsValidEmail(string email) => email is not null and not "" and contains "@";

// Target-typed new expressions
List<string> names = new() { "Alice", "Bob", "Charlie" };
Dictionary<string, int> ages = new() { ["Alice"] = 30, ["Bob"] = 25 };

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🎯 Practice Exercise

Test your understanding of this topic:

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Async/Await & Task Programming

Master asynchronous programming patterns in .NET Core for better performance and responsiveness

Content by: Dipen Dalvadi

.Net Developer

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Async/Await Fundamentals

Code Example

// Basic async method
public async Task<string> GetDataAsync()
{
    using var httpClient = new HttpClient();
    var response = await httpClient.GetStringAsync("https://api.example.com/data");
    return response;
}

// Async with cancellation
public async Task<string> GetDataWithCancellationAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
    using var httpClient = new HttpClient();
    var response = await httpClient.GetStringAsync("https://api.example.com/data", cancellationToken);
    return response;
}

// ConfigureAwait for library code
public async Task<string> LibraryMethodAsync()
{
    var result = await SomeAsyncOperation().ConfigureAwait(false);
    return result;
}

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// Basic async method
public async Task<string> GetDataAsync()
{
    using var httpClient = new HttpClient();
    var response = await httpClient.GetStringAsync("https://api.example.com/data");
    return response;
}

// Async with cancellation
public async Task<string> GetDataWithCancellationAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
    using var httpClient = new HttpClient();
    var response = await httpClient.GetStringAsync("https://api.example.com/data", cancellationToken);
    return response;
}

// ConfigureAwait for library code
public async Task<string> LibraryMethodAsync()
{
    var result = await SomeAsyncOperation().ConfigureAwait(false);
    return result;
}

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Advanced Async Patterns

Code Example

// Task.WhenAll for parallel execution
public async Task<(string, string)> GetMultipleDataAsync()
{
    var task1 = GetDataAsync("url1");
    var task2 = GetDataAsync("url2");
    
    var results = await Task.WhenAll(task1, task2);
    return (results[0], results[1]);
}

// Task.WhenAny for first completion
public async Task<string> GetFirstAvailableDataAsync()
{
    var tasks = new[]
    {
        GetDataAsync("primary-url"),
        GetDataAsync("backup-url1"),
        GetDataAsync("backup-url2")
    };
    
    var completedTask = await Task.WhenAny(tasks);
    return await completedTask;
}

// Async streams (IAsyncEnumerable)
public async IAsyncEnumerable<string> ReadLinesAsync(string filePath)
{
    using var reader = new StreamReader(filePath);
    string? line;
    while ((line = await reader.ReadLineAsync()) != null)
    {
        yield return line;
    }
}

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// Task.WhenAll for parallel execution
public async Task<(string, string)> GetMultipleDataAsync()
{
    var task1 = GetDataAsync("url1");
    var task2 = GetDataAsync("url2");
    
    var results = await Task.WhenAll(task1, task2);
    return (results[0], results[1]);
}

// Task.WhenAny for first completion
public async Task<string> GetFirstAvailableDataAsync()
{
    var tasks = new[]
    {
        GetDataAsync("primary-url"),
        GetDataAsync("backup-url1"),
        GetDataAsync("backup-url2")
    };
    
    var completedTask = await Task.WhenAny(tasks);
    return await completedTask;
}

// Async streams (IAsyncEnumerable)
public async IAsyncEnumerable<string> ReadLinesAsync(string filePath)
{
    using var reader = new StreamReader(filePath);
    string? line;
    while ((line = await reader.ReadLineAsync()) != null)
    {
        yield return line;
    }
}

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🎯 Practice Exercise

Test your understanding of this topic:

I understand the basic concepts covered in this topicI can apply the concepts in practical scenariosI'm ready to move to the next topic

Memory Management & Performance

Learn .NET Core's memory management and performance optimization techniques

Content by: Sunny Radadiya

.Net Developer

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Span<T> and Memory<T>

Code Example

// Span<T> for stack-allocated memory
public static int SumSpan(Span<int> numbers)
{
    int sum = 0;
    foreach (var number in numbers)
    {
        sum += number;
    }
    return sum;
}

// Memory<T> for heap-allocated memory
public static async Task ProcessMemoryAsync(Memory<byte> data)
{
    // Process data without copying
    for (int i = 0; i < data.Length; i++)
    {
        data.Span[i] = (byte)(data.Span[i] ^ 0xFF);
    }
}

// Usage examples
var array = new int[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
var span = array.AsSpan();
var sum = SumSpan(span);

// String processing with Span<char>
public static ReadOnlySpan<char> GetSubstring(ReadOnlySpan<char> text, int start, int length)
{
    return text.Slice(start, length);
}

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// Span<T> for stack-allocated memory
public static int SumSpan(Span<int> numbers)
{
    int sum = 0;
    foreach (var number in numbers)
    {
        sum += number;
    }
    return sum;
}

// Memory<T> for heap-allocated memory
public static async Task ProcessMemoryAsync(Memory<byte> data)
{
    // Process data without copying
    for (int i = 0; i < data.Length; i++)
    {
        data.Span[i] = (byte)(data.Span[i] ^ 0xFF);
    }
}

// Usage examples
var array = new int[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 };
var span = array.AsSpan();
var sum = SumSpan(span);

// String processing with Span<char>
public static ReadOnlySpan<char> GetSubstring(ReadOnlySpan<char> text, int start, int length)
{
    return text.Slice(start, length);
}

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Performance Best Practices

•Use Span<T> and Memory<T> for zero-copy operations
•Prefer stackalloc for small arrays
•Use ArrayPool<T> for temporary arrays
•Avoid unnecessary allocations in hot paths
•Use StringBuilder for string concatenation
•Implement IDisposable for resource management
•Use ValueTask<T> for frequently called async methods

🎯 Practice Exercise

Test your understanding of this topic:

I understand the basic concepts covered in this topicI can apply the concepts in practical scenariosI'm ready to move to the next topic

Previous Module

Module 1: .NET Core Fundamentals & Setup

Next Module

Module 3: ASP.NET Core Web Development

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Module 2: Advanced C# & .NET Core Features

Advanced C# & .NET Core Features

Select Topics Overview

Modern C# Features (C# 8-12)

Async/Await & Task Programming

Memory Management & Performance

Modern C# Features (C# 8-12)

Async/Await & Task Programming

Memory Management & Performance

Modern C# Features (C# 8-12)

C# 8.0 Features

C# 9.0 Features

🎯 Practice Exercise

Async/Await & Task Programming

Async/Await Fundamentals

Advanced Async Patterns

🎯 Practice Exercise

Memory Management & Performance

Span<T> and Memory<T>

Performance Best Practices

🎯 Practice Exercise

Module 1: .NET Core Fundamentals & Setup

Module 3: ASP.NET Core Web Development

Ready for the Next Module?