Course/Module 7/Topic 1 of 3Intermediate

Database Design & Normalization - Concepts

Explore the key concepts of database design & normalization with practical examples and exercises.

45 min•By Priygop Team•Last updated: Feb 2026

Introduction to Database Design & Normalization

In this section, we cover the fundamental aspects of database design & normalization. You'll learn core concepts, see real-world examples, and understand how to apply them in your projects.

Key Concepts

Understanding the core principles of database design & normalization
Practical applications and real-world use cases
Step-by-step implementation guides
Common patterns and best practices
Tips for debugging and troubleshooting
Performance optimization techniques

Database Design & Normalization - Code Example

Example

-- Create Table with constraints
CREATE TABLE users (
  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
  username VARCHAR(50) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
  email VARCHAR(100) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
  password_hash VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
  created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
);

-- Foreign Key relationship
CREATE TABLE orders (
  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
  user_id INTEGER REFERENCES users(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
  total DECIMAL(10, 2) NOT NULL,
  status VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'pending'
);

-- Normalization: 1NF, 2NF, 3NF
-- 1NF: Atomic values, no repeating groups
-- 2NF: No partial dependencies
-- 3NF: No transitive dependencies

Try It Yourself: Database Design & Normalization

Try It Yourself: Database Design & NormalizationJavaScript⚠ 1 error

⚠ Syntax Issues (1)

Line 1: JS Error: Unexpected identifier 'a'

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JavaScript Editor

✕ 1 errorTab = 2 spaces

-- Design a simple schema
CREATE TABLE categories (
  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
  name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL UNIQUE
);

CREATE TABLE products (
  id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
  name VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
  price DECIMAL(10,2) NOT NULL CHECK (price > 0),
  category_id INTEGER REFERENCES categories(id),
  created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT NOW()
);

-- Add an index
CREATE INDEX idx_products_category ON products(category_id);

Result

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JavaScript|16 lines|412 chars|1 error, 0 warnings

UTF-8

Quick Quiz: Database Design & Normalization

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