Laravel Essentials

// Routes (routes/web.php)
Route::get('/posts', [PostController::class, 'index']);
Route::get('/posts/{post}', [PostController::class, 'show']);
Route::middleware('auth')->group(function () {
    Route::post('/posts', [PostController::class, 'store']);
    Route::put('/posts/{post}', [PostController::class, 'update']);
    Route::delete('/posts/{post}', [PostController::class, 'destroy']);
});

// Eloquent Model (app/Models/Post.php)
class Post extends Model {
    protected $fillable = ['title', 'slug', 'content', 'status'];

    public function author() {
        return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'author_id');
    }

    public function comments() {
        return $this->hasMany(Comment::class);
    }

    public function tags() {
        return $this->belongsToMany(Tag::class);
    }

    // Query scope
    public function scopePublished($query) {
        return $query->where('status', 'published');
    }
}

// Controller (app/Http/Controllers/PostController.php)
class PostController extends Controller {
    public function index() {
        $posts = Post::published()
            ->with('author', 'tags')
            ->latest()
            ->paginate(10);
        return view('posts.index', compact('posts'));
    }

    public function store(Request $request) {
        $validated = $request->validate([
            'title' => 'required|string|max:255',
            'content' => 'required|string',
            'status' => 'in:draft,published',
        ]);

        $post = auth()->user()->posts()->create($validated);
        return redirect()->route('posts.show', $post);
    }
}

// Migration (database/migrations/create_posts_table.php)
Schema::create('posts', function (Blueprint $table) {
    $table->id();
    $table->foreignId('author_id')->constrained('users');
    $table->string('title');
    $table->string('slug')->unique();
    $table->text('content');
    $table->enum('status', ['draft', 'published'])->default('draft');
    $table->timestamps();
});