inheritance Basics

// Parent class (superclass)
class Animal {
    String name;
    int age;
    
    Animal(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }
    
    void eat() {
        System.out.println(name + " is eating.");
    }
    
    void sleep() {
        System.out.println(name + " is sleeping.");
    }
    
    void info() {
        System.out.println(name + " (Age: " + age + ")");
    }
}

// Child class — inherits Animal's fields & methods
class Dog extends Animal {
    String breed;
    
    Dog(String name, int age, String breed) {
        super(name, age);  // Call parent constructor
        this.breed = breed;
    }
    
    void bark() {
        System.out.println(name + " says: Woof!");
    }
    
    void fetch(String item) {
        System.out.println(name + " fetches the " + item + "!");
    }
}

class Cat extends Animal {
    boolean isIndoor;
    
    Cat(String name, int age, boolean isIndoor) {
        super(name, age);
        this.isIndoor = isIndoor;
    }
    
    void purr() {
        System.out.println(name + " is purring...");
    }
}

public class InheritanceDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Dog dog = new Dog("Buddy", 3, "Labrador");
        Cat cat = new Cat("Whiskers", 5, true);
        
        // Inherited methods
        dog.info();
        dog.eat();
        dog.bark();     // Dog-specific
        dog.fetch("ball");
        
        System.out.println();
        cat.info();
        cat.sleep();
        cat.purr();     // Cat-specific
    }
}